Alzheimer's disease and its therapeutic treatment: A Review

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is developing gradually with various types of neurodegenerative disorder, which causes chronic disease in the late adult life. Pathologically it is characterized by intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular amyloidal protein deposits contributing to senile plaques. The chemotherapeutic treatment based on acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine) and N-methyl D-aspartate receptor antagonist (memantine) have led to promising investigational therapies. These drugs reduce the development of the disease, provide temporary relief but fail to achieve a definite cure. In the last couple of years, nanotechnology offers a novel strategy to treat AD disease by increasing the bioavailability of drug across the blood brain barrier in neuronal system of brain. This review article will highlight extensive discussion on the possible therapeutic treatment of alzheimers disease based on chemodrugs and ongoing efforts of nanotechnology to develop novel therapies.