Trends In Proteomics : A Tool In Disease Diagnosis And Drug Discovery

Abstract

Proteomics involves the large-scale study of proteins, essential components in physiological and metabolic pathways of living cells. This work aims to explore trends in proteomics, particularly 2-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis (2-DE), Differential Gel Electrophoresis (DIGE), and Mass Spectrometry (MS). 2-DE separates proteins based on molecular weight and isoelectric pH, while MS determines molecular masses of proteins, peptides, and small pharmaceutical molecules, elucidating structural features through bioinformatics database analysis. Various proteomic techniques were examined, alongside their roles in biomarker discovery, target identification, drug discovery, understanding drug action mechanisms, and detecting chemical warfare agents in the body. Advanced instruments, software, and databases have revolutionized proteomics. This study highlights the growing significance of proteomics in recent years, establishing it as a vital tool for disease diagnosis and drug discovery.